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Highlights
Highlights:
· A 3D orthogonal woven C/C-SiC-ZrB2 composite was fabricated using I-CVI, SI, and LSI.
· The composite showed superior ablation resistance compared to C/C and C/C-SiC.
· ZrB2 incorporation reduced ablation rates by forming a protective ZrO2 layer.
· Residual Si melted at high temperatures, creating a protective SiO2 layer.
· The ZrO2 layer blocked oxygen penetration and improved oxidation resistance.